Copyright and License

Authors retain copyright. To foster the widest possible dissemination and reuse of scholarly research, articles are published under the CC BY 4.0 license. This license grants readers the right to freely share and adapt the material in articles for any purpose without obtaining permission, even commercially, provided the original work is properly cited. Authors should check the journal’s default license before submission; no special request implies agreement.

Authors may apply to the publisher to use the CC BY-NC 4.0 license, which limits commercial usage.

By submitting the manuscript, the author(s) warrant that:

• The work is their original creation and does not infringe upon any existing copyright, intellectual property, or other third-party rights.
• They obtain necessary permission to reproduce any material in their work that is not their own original creation or which does not fall into the public domain, such as tables, graphs, charts, and diagrams.
• The work has not been previously published, and is not under consideration for publication, elsewhere in its current form.